Breathing Architecture

'The Aura of Cities ‘ , 'The  Smell of Dead ' and ' Utopia  of an Odorless  City . The Dirt of Cities. • Complaints that cities can become dirty places go back to antiquity. • The genesis of Bathroom started in Greece. • Most homes, except the for the wealthy, has no designated place for bodily reliefs. • The streets was assumed to be the proper place for such disposals. • Pigs were used to clean Medieval cities. • In1660, lay-stalls, were placed in London for the disposal of wastes. Men & women were willing to pay to sweep the streets so they could sell the waste for profits. • In1885, houses in London contained one privy, night soil was removed several times a week. • It felt to interfere with rush hours, in 1981, bathroom cleaning was restricted to only summer time from 4am to 10 am The Aura of Cities. • The city became a place that constantly needed to be washed. • Not because it ‘visually offensive’ or the residues made people s...

The Great Urban Crime that We Permit By Law T here are many such crimes. here author put light on two of them by which author convinced to create the most serious problems for everyone and which are responsible for the gravest injustices suffered by : weaker citizen, permitting the affluent and powerful to profit at all  expense of all others. these crimes are : 1. the exploitation of urban land and the immense profits obtained from inflated land values. 2. these profits are by no means equal for   all landowner, despite that the majority of constitutions proclaim EQUAL RIGHT FOR ALL CITIZEN. 3. The exploitation of urban space by a minority who build high-rise buildings for their own financial gain. ● A s a statement entitled, “confession of a criminal” author accused himself as his profession’s contribution to these and related crimes. . T he obvious conclusion is that every citizen should profit from the use of all urban land and urban spa...

WE CAN’T SOLVE OUR PROBLEMS AT THE SAME LEVEL OF THINKING, WITH WHICH, WE CREATED THEM. . . WE CAN’T SOLVE OUR PROBLEMS AT THE SAME LEVEL OF THINKING, WITH WHICH, WE CREATED THEM. . (Einstein) What is A Healthy City ? A  healthy city  is one that is continually creating and improving those physical and social environments and expanding those community resources which enable people to mutually support each other in performing all the functions of life and developing to their maximum potential. Qualities of A Healthy City : 1. A clean, safe physical environment of high quality (including housing quality) 2. An ecosystem that is stable now and sustainable in the long term. 3. A strong, mutually supportive and non-exploitive community. 4. A high degree of participation and control by the public over the decisions affecting their lives, health and well being. 5. The meeting of basic needs (for food, water, shelter, income, safety and work) for all the ci...

The  word ‘Death’ is somewhat  related to Living Organism, So A city  is considered as living organism by many authors on their perspectives. Here we discuss about How the city gone lose all its value (natural resources, disease, pollution, etc ). • So,   how this happen to us? • Is this a very sudden change? • Is doomsday is true which coming to us? • Is this a beginning of the END of the world? After the mid 19 th century, there’s many changes taken place around us like from automobiles to our factories. Three big events are responsible for these changes. Architects, planners and administrators are unable to deal with this Triple Growing of urban Units, unless they proceed to remodelling & demolition. CHANGES FOR THE BETTER? NO, CHANGES FOR THE WORSE –EVERYWHERE . v One of the main three big changes is- Unprecedented increase of population all over the world. v It took Humanity thousands of years to reach at this point, unt...